the 23rd inst. This convention was ratified by the
King of Prussia on the 1st inst., and about the same
day by the Imperial Government. Advices from Berlin,
of the 10th inst., state that the reduction of the army
has been decreed. The Prussian troops were still in the
positions of Hersfeld. The Austrian forces continued
to advance, having occupied Marburg, where they
command the railroad from Frankfort to Cassel. General
Von der Horst had been appointed Commander in Chief
of the Holstein army, vice Willisen, who has resigned.
Herr von Manteuffel, who has been appointed the
Prussian Minister for foreign affairs, has left Berlin to
attend the Dresden conference. It is not known what
are his plans, nor what arrangement respecting the
future was come to at Olmutz between him and Schwarzenberg,
the Austrian Minister; but it has been asserted
in Vienna that the admission of the whole of the Austrian
provinces into the confederation will not be proposed,
but merely a sufficient portion to equalise the power of
Austria to that of Prussia; and the province of Galicia
is mentioned for this purpose. The incorporation of
Posen, and Prussian Poland, in 1848, increased the
extent of Prussian territories within the confederation,
and therefore, it is believed, Austria will demand a
corresponding increase of her German territories. The
commercial relations of Germany will probably form
one of the topics of discussion, and it is expected that
Austria will propose the same plans for a commercial
system which she put forth last year. It is even stated
that a provisional arrangement will be proposed which
is to last until 1856, when the definitive arrangements
are to come into existence.

The Sardinian Chambers were opened by the King
in person on the 23rd of November. The follo'(ving
passage of his' speech, referring to the diflerences with
the Holy See, was greatly applauded by the Chambers
and the people:—"The efforts of my government have
not succeeded hitherto in overcoming the difficulties
which have arisen with the Court of Rome, in
consequence of certain laws which the powers of the state
could not refuse to introduce in the new political and
legal organisation of the country. The rule of our
conduct has constantly been the respect we all profess
for the Holy See, in conjunction with a firm resolution
to uphold the independence of our legislation. Faithful
to our duties, and persevering in the exercise of our
rights, we hope that time and the happy influence of
religion and civilisation will enable us to establish that
harmony which is one of the first wants of the social
state."

The Senate of Piedmont, in its sitting of the I6th,
passed the bill abolishing the laws on primogenitiure, by
a majority of 34 votes to 49.

The most remarkable news from Spain is that M.
Bravo Murillo, the Minister of Finance, has resigned his
office in consequence of a difference with the Minister of
War, relating to reductions in the expenditure of his
department.—The municipality of Seville has decided
that the portrait of Cardinal Wiseman should be placed
in the hall of the chapter, as being one of the most
illustrious sons of the capital of Andalusia.

Accounts from Aleppo state that a dreadful chastisement
has been inflicted on the rebels who were the
perpetrators of the massacre of the Christians, which we
recorded last month. On the evening of the 7th ult.,
Kerim Pasha invited the principal chiefs of the insurgents
to come to him. They accepted his invitation, persuaded
that the fear of fresh disturbances would make them
respected. Kerim Pasha had them placed tmder arrest.
The insurgents, finding their chiefs did not return,
rushed to arms, to the number of about 10,000, and
insolently demanded their liberation. The Ottoman
General replied by charging them at the head of 4000
Imperial troops, whom he had assembled in the inside
of some barracks. The combat was desperate, and lasted
more than twenty-four hours. Three Mussulman
quarters of the city, which were the seat of the revolt,
have been almost entirely destroyed; 1800 of the rebels
fell in the struggle, and the remainder, with the inhabitants
of the above quarters, have fied from Aleppo,
the Turkish cavalry pursuing them. Not a single
Christian fell in this terrible aflair. All the property of
the rebels will be devoted by the authorities to indemnify
the Christians for their losses on the 14th and 1.5th of
October, and to rebuild the three churches which were
burnt.

The Message of the President of the United States to
Congress, on the commencement of the session, was
presented on the 3rd inst. It is a temperate document, and
appears to have given general satisfaction. Its tone
with reference to the foreign relations of the United
States is decidedly pacific. With respect to the new
territories, he urges a prompt adjudication on the
Mexican land titles in California, and presses for the
extension of the land laws to Utah and New Mexico.
He recommends that the gold lands should be sold in
small quantities, and that a branch mint should without
loss of time be established in California. He also calls
attention to the necessity that exists for organising one
or more regiments of mounted men for the protection of
the frontiers of New Mexico, and to help to repress the
predatory Indians. The message contains important
suggestions respecting the revision of the republic's
naval code, rendered necessary by the recent abolition
of flogging; the estabhshment of lighthouses and
improvement of harbours; and the appointment of a
tribunal to adjudicate all claims upon government. Not
less interesting is the president's recommendation that
an uniform rate of postage, of three cents for prepaid
letters and five cents for unpaid letters, should be
adopted, whatever the distance that they are conveyed.
The most unsatisfactory parts of the message are those
which relate to customs duties and to the Fugitive
Slave Bill. Respecting the former, Mr. Fillmore's views
are decidedly protectionist. He is of opinion that the
federal revenue should be raised mainly by import
duties; that these duties should be as far as possible
specific, ad valorem rates when unavoidable being
estimated on the home instead of the foreign valuation;
and that those rates should be so levied as to benefit
incidentally home industry by shielding it from destructive
foreign competition. On the subject of slaveiy, the
president takes his stand on the Fugitive Slave Act, the
principle and policy of which, in every particular, he
strenuously defends.

Since the meeting of Congress, no business of
importance has been transacted in either house. With
respect to the revenue and expenditure of the Union,
it is stated, that the receipts for the last year into the
United States Treasury were 47,421,748 dollars;—
expenditure, 43,002,168 dollars; and that the public debt
has been reduced 495,276 dolars.

Mr. George Thompson, the Member for the Tower
Hamlets, attempted to deliver an anti-slavery lecture at
Boston, on the 14th of November, but was not allowed a
hearing. He was attended on the platform by William
Garrison, Frederick Douglas, and other representatives
of the anti-slavery party. The assembly determined
to drown the voices of the orators: they began with
groaning and hissing; then they cheered for "the Union,"
"Daniel Webster," "old Briggs," and "Jenny Lind;"
they groaned for "John Bull;" a ring was formed on the
floor, and one or two commenced dancing; the gas was
turned down, and the proceedings terminated with the
canticle "We won't go home till morning," in general
chorus.

The existence of a third ring around Saturn, which
has been some time suspected, has been positively
ascertained by the astronomers at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
It is interior to the two others, and, therefore, at less
distance from the planet.

Submarine electric telegraph wires have been laid down
on the bed of the Hudson, above Fort Lee, so as to give
a free communication with the south and west.

A temperance demonstration on a large scale was
held at the Tabernacle, New York, on the 18th of
November; 1700 dollars were collected, including 250
dollars from P. T. Bamum. Life memberships of the
society were bestowed on Mdlle. Jenny Lind, President
Fillmore, Hon. Henry Clay, Hon. Mr. Clayton, General
Cass, Hon. W. H. Seward, Governor Hunt, &c., &c.